An upper GI and small bowel series is a set of x-rays taken to examine the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.

See also: Barium enema

GI series; Barium swallow x-ray; Upper GI series

An upper GI and small bowel series is done in a medical office or hospital radiology department.

You may be given an injection of a medication that will temporarily slow bowel movement, so structures can be more easily seen on the x-rays.

Before the x-rays are taken, you must drink 16 - 20 ounces of a millkshake-like drink that contains a substance called barium. An x-ray method called fluroscopy tracks how the barium moves through your esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Pictures are taken with you in a variety of positions. You may be sitting or standing.

The test usually takes around 3 hours. However, in some cases, it may take up to 6 hours to complete.

A GI series may include this test or a barium enema.

You may be told to change your diet for 2 or 3 days before the test. Usually, you can not eat for period of time before the test.

Be sure to ask your health care provider if there are any medication restrictions. Generally, you can continue medications you take by mouth. Never make any changes in your medications without first talking to your health care provider.

You will be asked to remove all jewelry on your neck, chest, or abdomen before the test.

The x-ray may cause mild bloating but usually causes no discomfort. The barium milkshake feels chalky as you drink it.

This test is done to determine if you have a structural or functional problem in the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine.

Caroline DF, Kendzierski RM. The stomach. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, eds. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008: chap 31.

Pickhardt PJ. Diagnostic imaging procedures in gastroenterology. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 135.