Definition:
An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is a special x-ray examination of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder).
Alternative Names:
Excretory urography; IVP
How the test is performed:
An IVP is done in a hospital radiology department or a health care provider’s office by an x-ray technician. You will need to empty your bladder immediately before the procedure starts. The health care provider will inject an iodine-based contrast (dye) into a vein in your arm. A series of x-ray images are taken at different times to see how the kidneys remove the dye and how it collects in your urine. A compression device (a wide belt containing two balloons that can be inflated) may be used to keep the contrast material in the kidneys. You will need to remain still during the procedure, which may take up to an hour. Before the final image is taken, you will be asked to urinate again, to see how well the bladder has emptied. You can resume your normal diet and medications after the procedure. You should drink plenty of fluids to help remove all the contrast dye from your body.
How to prepare for the test:
As with all x-ray procedures, tell your health care provider if you: - Are allergic to contrast material
- Are pregnant
- Have any drug allergies
Your health care provider will tell you whether you can eat or drink before this test. You may be given a laxative to take the afternoon before the procedure to clear the intestines so your kidneys can be clearly seen. You must sign a consent form. You will be asked to wear a hospital gown and to remove all jewelry.
How the test will feel:
You may feel a burning or flushing sensation in the arm and body as the contrast dye is injected. You may also have a metallic taste in the mouth. This is normal and will quickly disappear. Some people develop a headache, nausea, or vomiting after the dye is injected. The belt across the kidneys may feel tight over your belly area.
Why the test is performed:
An IVP can be used to evaluate:
References:
Norrby SR. Approach to the patient with urinary tract infection. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 306.
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