Definition:
A hiccup is an unintentional movement (spasm) of the diaphragm, the muscle at the base of the lungs. The spasm is followed by quick closing of the vocal cords, which produces a distinctive sound.
Alternative Names:
Singultus
Considerations:
Hiccups often start for no apparent reason and usually disappear after a few minutes. Rarely, hiccups can last for days, weeks, or months. Hiccups are common and normal in newborns and infants.
Common Causes:
- Abdominal surgery
- Any disease or disorder that irritates the nerves that control the diaphragm (such as pleurisy or pneumonia)
- Hot and spicy foods or liquids
- Noxious fumes
- Stroke or tumor affecting the "hiccup center" in the brain
There may be no obvious cause for hiccups.
References:
Pollack MJ. Hiccups. In: Rakel P, Bope ET, eds. Conn's Current Therapy 2008. 60th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2008:chap 4.
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